28 10 626 https://snowden.xsurveillance.site/files/original/7344c1f643b236a95203bbbeb6b1c2d0.pdf 50c5ce1344b23bc89b36f0f0b5a69f60 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snowden Files Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Leak Core Element Set for Leaks (especially the Snowden files). NumPages 2 File 20150518_intercept_shape-weekly-report-01-jun-2011-r.pdf CreatorOffice SHAPE Description:Target Targets mentioned in the leak https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/05/18/snowden-osama-bin-laden-raid/ Afghanistan Source:File URL of the source file 20150518_intercept_shape-weekly-report-01-jun-2011-r.pdf Source:Redactions Description of redactions in the leaked document Telephone contacts removed Source:Genre Genre of the leaked document Report Report:Creator Author of the original news report Margot Williams Date:Leaked 2015-05-18 URL http://wayback.archive-it.org/5840/20150723204819/http://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/05/08/u-s-government-designated-prominent-al-jazeera-journalist-al-qaeda-member-put-watch-list/#/ Source:Classification Classification level of the leaked document Secret Report:Link Link to the original news report http://C:/Users/Amocelotl/Greenstone/tmp/F601.html Date:Created Creation date of the leaked file 2011-06-01 Distribution Unknown Encoding utf8 Surveillance Programs General Intelligence Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Intercept Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 20150518_intercept_shape-weekly-report-01-jun-2011-r.pdf Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Description An account of the resource This document is a report preparted by NATO's Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, it describes the military environment in Afghanistan in June 2011, after the assassination of Osama Bin Laden. Language A language of the resource en Subject The topic of the resource Taliban Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASH01c6039e3c14defef807b97c Title A name given to the resource International Security Assistance (ISAF) - Afghanistan, June 1 2011 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource NATO : Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe Relation A related resource Snowden Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snowden Files Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Leak Core Element Set for Leaks (especially the Snowden files). NumPages 2 File 20150518_intercept_shape-weekly-report-01-jun-2011-r.pdf CreatorOffice SHAPE Description:Target Targets mentioned in the leak https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/05/18/snowden-osama-bin-laden-raid/ Afghanistan Source:File URL of the source file 20150518_intercept_shape-weekly-report-01-jun-2011-r.pdf Source:Redactions Description of redactions in the leaked document Telephone contacts removed Source:Genre Genre of the leaked document Report Report:Creator Author of the original news report Margot Williams Date:Leaked 2015-05-18 Source:Classification Classification level of the leaked document Secret Report:Link Link to the original news report http://C:/Users/Amocelotl/Greenstone/tmp/F963.html Date:Created Creation date of the leaked file 2011-06-01 Distribution Unknown Encoding utf8 Surveillance Programs General Intelligence Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Intercept Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 20150518_intercept_shape-weekly-report-01-jun-2011-r.pdf Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Description An account of the resource This document is a report preparted by NATO's Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, it describes the military environment in Afghanistan in June 2011, after the assassination of Osama Bin Laden. Language A language of the resource en Subject The topic of the resource Taliban Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASH01c6c080660da03413f393c5 Title A name given to the resource International Security Assistance (ISAF) - Afghanistan, June 1 2011 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource NATO : Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe Relation A related resource Snowden https://snowden.xsurveillance.site/files/original/4922d6e2b063e002218711679022932c.pdf 5729dfb063ca3157a018e83794a9b1fa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snowden Files Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Leak Core Element Set for Leaks (especially the Snowden files). NumPages 3 File 20150518_intercept_shape-weekly-report-13-may-2011-r.pdf CreatorOffice SHAPE Date:CreatedCirca ca. Description:Target Targets mentioned in the leak https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/05/18/snowden-osama-bin-laden-raid/ Aghanistan Source:File URL of the source file 20150518_intercept_shape-weekly-report-13-may-2011-r.pdf Source:Redactions Description of redactions in the leaked document Telephone contacts removed Source:Genre Genre of the leaked document Report Report:Creator Author of the original news report Margot Williams Date:Leaked 2015-05-18 URL http://wayback.archive-it.org/5840/20150723204819/http://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/05/08/u-s-government-designated-prominent-al-jazeera-journalist-al-qaeda-member-put-watch-list/#/ Source:Classification Classification level of the leaked document Secret Report:Link Link to the original news report http://C:/Users/Amocelotl/Greenstone/tmp/F643.html Date:Created Creation date of the leaked file 2011-05-13 Distribution Unknown Encoding utf8 Surveillance Programs General Intelligence Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Intercept Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 20150518_intercept_shape-weekly-report-13-may-2011-r.pdf Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Description An account of the resource This document is a report preparted by NATO's Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, it describes the military environment in Afghanistan in June 2011, after the assassination of Osama Bin Laden. Language A language of the resource en Subject The topic of the resource Osama Bin Laden Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASH0f704eb8fbe8a7f0b201e8 Title A name given to the resource International Security Assistance (ISAF) - Afghanistan, May 13 2011 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource NATO : Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe Relation A related resource Snowden https://snowden.xsurveillance.site/files/original/9ecae5b7e8501b2f3b4e9ea94a8af667.pdf 75ed585f596325c865f4e262b7f3af07 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snowden Files Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Leak Core Element Set for Leaks (especially the Snowden files). NumPages 13 File 20150117-spiegel-projects_of_the_tao-ato_department_such_as_the_remote_destruction_of_network_cards.pdf CreatorOffice NSA Date:CreatedCirca ca. Description:Target Targets mentioned in the leak http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/new-snowden-docs-indicate-scope-of-nsa-preparations-for-cyber-battle-a-1013409.html Hardware Source:File URL of the source file 20150117-spiegel-projects_of_the_tao-ato_department_such_as_the_remote_destruction_of_network_cards.pdf Source:Redactions Description of redactions in the leaked document Retrieved from reference redacted Source:Genre Genre of the leaked document Wiki article Report:Creator Author of the original news report Jacob Appelbaum Date:Leaked 2015-01-17 URL http://wayback.archive-it.org/5840/20150629191246/http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/new-snowden-docs-indicate-scope-of-nsa-preparations-for-cyber-battle-a-1013409-2.html# Source:Classification Classification level of the leaked document TALENT KEYHOLE Report:Link Link to the original news report http://C:/Users/harknessj/Greenstone/collect/snowden1/tmp/1441071446/20150117-spiegel-projects_of_the_tao-ato_department_such_as_the_remote_destruction_of_network_cards.html Date:Created Creation date of the leaked file 2006-01-11 Distribution 5VEY Encoding utf8 Surveillance Programs POLITERAIN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Der Spiegel Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 20150117-spiegel-projects_of_the_tao-ato_department_such_as_the_remote_destruction_of_network_cards.pdf Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Description An account of the resource This document is a NSA wikiInfo page outlining potential intern projects under the NSA CNA (Computer Network Attack) team. Most of the projects are "tasked to remotely degrade or destroy opponent computers, routers, servers and network enabled devices by attacking the hardware using low-level programming." Many vendors are mentioned for targeting including Windows, Mac, Intel, AMD, Linux and others. Language A language of the resource en Subject The topic of the resource Intel Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASH226c7682bd6313523fcb28 Title A name given to the resource InternProjects Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Security Agency Relation A related resource Snowden https://snowden.xsurveillance.site/files/original/7edfc81a32e4bcb87f1b254992637bc1.pdf a9c475e363503bb9b7a2a4acfe67985d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snowden Files Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Leak Core Element Set for Leaks (especially the Snowden files). NumPages 4 File 20150612-intercept-sidtoday_interview_with_a_sid_hacker.pdf CreatorOffice SID Description:Target Targets mentioned in the leak https://firstlook.org/theintercept/document/2015/06/11/sidtoday-interview-sid-hacker/ Computer Networks Source:File URL of the source file 20150612-intercept-sidtoday_interview_with_a_sid_hacker.pdf Source:Redactions Description of redactions in the leaked document Identifying information redacted Source:Genre Genre of the leaked document Article Report:Creator Author of the original news report None Date:Leaked 2015-06-12 Source:Classification Classification level of the leaked document TOP SECRET, SI, TK, REL TO USA AUS CAN GBR NZL Report:Link Link to the original news report http://C:/Users/Amocelotl/Greenstone/tmp/F413.html Date:Created Creation date of the leaked file 2012-11-10 Distribution 5VEY Encoding utf8 Surveillance Programs General intelligence Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Intercept Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 20150612-intercept-sidtoday_interview_with_a_sid_hacker.pdf Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Description An account of the resource This document is an interview with a hacker employed by the NSA's Tailored Access Operations (TAO) Division to perform computer network exploitation (CNE) operations against targets, including Osama Bin Laden. It originally appeared in the Signals Intelligence Directorate's (SID) internal newsletter, SIDToday. Language A language of the resource en Subject The topic of the resource CNE - Computer Network Exploitation Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASH37e9d81304aeeaba0cc083 Title A name given to the resource Interview with a SID "Hacker" -- Part 2: Hacker Culture and Worker Retention Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Security Agency - Signals Intelligence Directorate Relation A related resource Snowden https://snowden.xsurveillance.site/files/original/d8500163beb45ca008da97632b284ef6.pdf 24e445b8a7a2f4f474fba9b9d4669432 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snowden Files Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Leak Core Element Set for Leaks (especially the Snowden files). NumPages 43 File 20141228-spiegel-intro_to_the_vpn_exploitation_process_mentioning_the_protocols_attacked_-_pptp_ipsec_ssl_ssh.pdf CreatorOffice OTP Date:CreatedCirca ca. Description:Target Targets mentioned in the leak http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/inside-the-nsa-s-war-on-internet-security-a-1010361.html Encrypted communications Source:File URL of the source file 20141228-spiegel-intro_to_the_vpn_exploitation_process_mentioning_the_protocols_attacked_-_pptp_ipsec_ssl_ssh.pdf Source:Redactions Description of redactions in the leaked document Personnel names redacted Source:Genre Genre of the leaked document Presentation slides Report:Creator Author of the original news report Spiegel Staff Date:Leaked 2014-12-28 URL http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/inside-the-nsa-s-war-on-internet-security-a-1010361.html Source:Classification Classification level of the leaked document Top Secret Report:Link Link to the original news report http://C:/Users/Amocelotl/Greenstone/tmp/F943.html Distribution 5VEY Encoding utf8 Surveillance Programs BLEAKINQUIRY Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Der Spiegel Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 20141228-spiegel-intro_to_the_vpn_exploitation_process_mentioning_the_protocols_attacked_-_pptp_ipsec_ssl_ssh.pdf Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Description An account of the resource This document is a presentation giving an overview of a new branch within the NSA, "Custom Thread Development for Network Encryption," in which a team "OTP VPN Exploitation" will aid diverse SIGINT teams in decryption. The document goes over the workflows, and repositories for the data collection, and discusses the circumvention of encryption protocols including IPSec, PPTP, SSH, etc. The presentation also includes successful target examples such as foreign government intelligence, banking and financial intelligence and technology intelligence, in several countries. Language A language of the resource en Subject The topic of the resource Nigeria Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASHf820d30f7ab5d5efb076be Title A name given to the resource Intro to the VPN Exploitation Process Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Security Agency - Office of Target Pursuit Relation A related resource Snowden https://snowden.xsurveillance.site/files/original/c17286a4942ab0d323f3d34c57234c77.pdf dd359b3c0fce479b40b6b04f26852377 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snowden Files Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Leak Core Element Set for Leaks (especially the Snowden files). NumPages 31 File 07-Introduction-to-BADDECISION-Redacted.pdf CreatorOffice NSA Description:Target Targets mentioned in the leak https://theintercept.com/2016/08/19/the-nsa-was-hacked-snowden-documents-confirm/ Computer systems Source:File URL of the source file 07-Introduction-to-BADDECISION-Redacted.pdf Source:Redactions Description of redactions in the leaked document No redactions. Source:Genre Genre of the leaked document Presentation Slides Report:Creator Author of the original news report Sam Biddle Date:Leaked 2016-08-19 URL https://wayback.archive-it.org/5840/*/https://theintercept.com/2016/08/19/the-nsa-was-hacked-snowden-documents-confirm/ Source:Classification Classification level of the leaked document COMINT Report:Link Link to the original news report http://C:/Users/Amocelotl/Greenstone/tmp/F1409.html Date:Created Creation date of the leaked file 2010-12-15 Distribution NOFORN Encoding utf8 Surveillance Programs Communications Intelligence Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Intercept Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 07-Introduction-to-BADDECISION-Redacted.pdf Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Description An account of the resource This document is a slide deck used during a "Close Access" NSA training course to introduce students to computer network exploitation (CNE) tool, BADDECISION. Language A language of the resource en Subject The topic of the resource Man in the Middle Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASH011af20d2ab587aa102568b6 Title A name given to the resource Introduction to BADDECISION Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Security Agency - Close Access Relation A related resource Snowden https://snowden.xsurveillance.site/files/original/3fb6faa186f24ddc9dbb1aa58aa755bb.pdf 14446b7dde3be5d9ea9e9d1b1252545a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snowden Files Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Leak Core Element Set for Leaks (especially the Snowden files). NumPages 61 File 20150701-intercept-intro_to_connect_sensitive_scanning_with_xks_fingerprints.pdf CreatorOffice NSA Description:Target Targets mentioned in the leak https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/07/01/nsas-google-worlds-private-communications/ General intelligence Source:File URL of the source file 20150701-intercept-intro_to_connect_sensitive_scanning_with_xks_fingerprints.pdf Source:Redactions Description of redactions in the leaked document Some slides contain minor redactions Source:Genre Genre of the leaked document Presentation slides Report:Creator Author of the original news report Micah Lee Date:Leaked 2015-07-01 URL http://wayback.archive-it.org/5840/20150723204534/https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/07/01/nsas-google-worlds-private-communications/# Source:Classification Classification level of the leaked document COMINT Report:Link Link to the original news report http://C:/Users/harknessj/Greenstone/collect/snowden1/tmp/1441071608/20150701-intercept-intro_to_connect_sensitive_scanning_with_xks_fingerprints.html Date:Created Creation date of the leaked file 2010-05 Distribution 5VEY Encoding utf8 Surveillance Programs XKEYSCORE Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Intercept Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 20150701-intercept-intro_to_connect_sensitive_scanning_with_xks_fingerprints.pdf Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Description An account of the resource This document is an internal NSA presentation. It introduces users of the XKEYSCORE data analysis system to Context Sensitive Scanning. This feature of XKEYSCORE allows analysts to surgically target traggic, by only applying keywords in the context in which they were intended to be applied. Language A language of the resource en Subject The topic of the resource Context Sensitive Scanning Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASHf907189a18bcbf46e6c961 Title A name given to the resource Introduction to Context Sensitive Scanning with X-KEYSCORE Fingerprints Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Security Agency Relation A related resource Snowden https://snowden.xsurveillance.site/files/original/c4b8364d4e076beceba2b350147f2081.pdf 14446b7dde3be5d9ea9e9d1b1252545a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snowden Files Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Leak Core Element Set for Leaks (especially the Snowden files). NumPages 61 File 20150701-intercept-intro_to_connect_sensitive_scanning_with_xks_fingerprints.pdf CreatorOffice NSA Description:Target Targets mentioned in the leak https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/07/01/nsas-google-worlds-private-communications/ General intelligence Source:File URL of the source file 20150701-intercept-intro_to_connect_sensitive_scanning_with_xks_fingerprints.pdf Source:Redactions Description of redactions in the leaked document Some slides contain minor redactions Source:Genre Genre of the leaked document Presentation slides Report:Creator Author of the original news report Micah Lee Date:Leaked 2015-07-01 Source:Classification Classification level of the leaked document COMINT Report:Link Link to the original news report http://C:/Users/Amocelotl/Greenstone/tmp/F387.html Date:Created Creation date of the leaked file 2010-05 Distribution 5VEY Encoding utf8 Surveillance Programs XKEYSCORE Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Intercept Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 20150701-intercept-intro_to_connect_sensitive_scanning_with_xks_fingerprints.pdf Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Description An account of the resource This document is an internal NSA presentation. It introduces users of the XKEYSCORE data analysis system to Context Sensitive Scanning. This feature of XKEYSCORE allows analysts to surgically target traggic, by only applying keywords in the context in which they were intended to be applied. Language A language of the resource en Subject The topic of the resource Context Sensitive Scanning Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASH36544824d6b7f0812ca20e Title A name given to the resource Introduction to Context Sensitive Scanning with X-KEYSCORE Fingerprints Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Security Agency Relation A related resource Snowden https://snowden.xsurveillance.site/files/original/6e2e541a72d56869bac8fa7142021bb6.pdf 5cbab09eada43fb26ddcc73c76602efc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Snowden Files Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Leak Core Element Set for Leaks (especially the Snowden files). NumPages 16 File 05-Introduction-to-WLAN-CNE-Operations-Redacted.pdf CreatorOffice NSA Description:Target Targets mentioned in the leak https://theintercept.com/2016/08/19/the-nsa-was-hacked-snowden-documents-confirm/ Computer systems Source:File URL of the source file 05-Introduction-to-WLAN-CNE-Operations-Redacted.pdf Source:Redactions Description of redactions in the leaked document No redactions. Source:Genre Genre of the leaked document Presentation Slides Report:Creator Author of the original news report Sam Biddle Date:Leaked 2016-08-19 URL https://wayback.archive-it.org/5840/*/https://theintercept.com/2016/08/19/the-nsa-was-hacked-snowden-documents-confirm/ Source:Classification Classification level of the leaked document COMINT Report:Link Link to the original news report http://C:/Users/Amocelotl/Greenstone/tmp/F1361.html Date:Created Creation date of the leaked file 2010-12-15 Distribution NOFORN Encoding utf8 Surveillance Programs Communications Intelligence Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Intercept Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 05-Introduction-to-WLAN-CNE-Operations-Redacted.pdf Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Description An account of the resource This document is a slide deck during a "Close Access" NSA training course to introduce students to computer network exploitation (CNE) using the FOXACID server in combinations with other tools, BADDECISION and NIGHTSTAND. Language A language of the resource en Subject The topic of the resource Man in the middle Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASH1734cc71659b2070cfbb82 Title A name given to the resource Introduction to WLAN / 802.11 Active CNE Operations Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource National Security Agency - Close Access Relation A related resource Snowden